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Sidney Sussex College (referred to informally as "Sidney") is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England. The college was founded in 1596 under the terms of the will of Frances Sidney, Countess of Sussex (1531–1589) and named after its foundress. It was from its inception an avowedly Protestant foundation;〔(Sidney Sussex College website; history )〕 "some good and godlie moniment for the mainteynance of good learninge". In her will, Lady Sussex left the sum of £5,000 together with some plate to found a new college at Cambridge University "to be called the Lady Frances Sidney Sussex College".〔Hearn, Karen, ed. ''Dynasties: Painting in Tudor and Jacobean England 1530-1630'', p. 95〕 Her executors Sir John Harington and Henry Grey, 6th Earl of Kent, supervised by Archbishop John Whitgift, founded the college seven years after her death.〔 Oliver Cromwell was among the first students (although he never graduated after his father became ill), and his head is now buried beneath the College's Ante-Chapel. As of 2011, the college had an endowment of £32m.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Archived – Recommended Cambridge College Accounts )〕 ==History== While the College's geographic size has changed little since 1596, an additional range was added to the original E-shaped buildings in the early 17th century and the appearance of the whole college was changed significantly in the 1820s and 1830s, under the leadership of the Master at the time, William Chafy. By the early 19th century, the buildings' original red brick was unfashionable and the hall range was suffering serious structural problems. The opening up of coal mines on estates left to the College in the 18th century provided extra funds which were to be devoted to providing a new mathematical library and accommodation for Mathematical Exhibitioners. As a result, the exterior brick was covered with a layer of cement, the existing buildings were heightened slightly, and the architectural effect was also heightened, under the supervision of Sir Jeffry Wyatville.〔Peter Salt, 'Wyatville's remodelling and refurbishment of Sidney Sussex College, 1820-1837', ''Proceedings of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society'', 81 (1992), 115-55〕 In the late nineteenth century, the College's finances received a further boost from the development of the resort of Cleethorpes on College land on the Lincolnshire coast that was purchased in 1616, following a bequest for the benefit of scholars and fellows by Peter Blundell, a merchant from Tiverton, Devon.〔R.W. Ambler and Alan Dowling, 'The growth of Cleethorpes and the prosperity of Sidney, 1616-1968', in ''Sidney Sussex College Cambridge: historical essays in commemoration of the quatercentenary'', ed. D.E.D. Beales and H.B. Nisbet (Woodbridge: Boydell, 1996), pp.183-8〕〔Gerald Maclean Edwards. Sidney Sussex college. 1899. Page 51〕 A new wing added in 1891, to the designs of John Loughborough Pearson, is stylistically richer than the original buildings, and has stone staircases whereas the stairs in the older buildings were of timber.〔Nikolaus Pevsner, ''The Buildings of England, Cambridgeshire'' (2nd edn., Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970), p.160〕 In the early twentieth century, a High Church group among the Fellows were instrumental in the rebuilding and enlargement of the chapel, which was provided with a richly carved interior in late seventeenth-century style, designed by T. H. Lyon, and somewhat at odds with the College's original Puritan ethos.〔C.S.B. Pyke, 'The new chapel of Sidney Sussex College Cambridge', in ''Sidney Sussex College; Historical essays'', pp.235-47; Pevsner, ''Buildings of England, Cambridgeshire'', p.160〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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